Aniruddha Bose is a former judge of the Supreme Court of India. He is also a former chief justice of the Jharkhand High Court and judge of the Calcutta High Court.

Bose was educated at the St. Lawrence High School, Kolkata, and was graduated in B. Com from the St. Xavier's College, Kolkata. He then completed the Bachelor of Laws from the Surendranath Law College, Kolkata. 

After the enrollment he started practice on constitutional, civil and intellectual property matters in the Calcutta High Court in 1985. Bose worked in the original side as well as the appellate side of the High Court. He was elevated as permanent judge of the Calcutta High Court in January 2004. His name was recommended for elevation as the Chief Justice of Delhi High Court but returned by the Government of India, with the observation that he does not have the experience to handle the affairs of a prominent High Court like Delhi. The collegium reconsidered the proposal and he was transferred to Jharkhand High Court as chief justice on 4 August 2018. On 24 May 2019, he was elevated as a judge of Supreme Court of India. He retired on 10 April 2024.

Over the course of his Supreme Court tenure, Bose authored 67 judgments. He was a member of benches that heard arguments on challenges to the practice of Jallikattu, decriminalisation of adultery, and whether there was a right to die.